Physical acceleration means that operating a unit at some higher stress level(s) (i.e, higher temperature, voltage, humidity or duty cycle, etc…) should produce similar failures as would occur at typical-use stresses, except that they are expected to occur much sooner. Failures may be due to mechanical fatigue, corrosion, chemical reaction, diffusion, migration, etc. These are the same cause of failures under normal stress condition; the only difference is the time scale (the time to failure). When there is true acceleration, changing stress is equivalent to transforming the time scale used to record when failures occur. The transformations commonly used are linear, which means that time-to-fail at high stress just has to be multiplied by a constant (the Acceleration Factor or AF) to …